Questions from the Scripture text: What did John see opened where (Revelation 15:5)? Who came out of it (Revelation 15:6)? What did they have? How were they clothed? Who gave them what (Revelation 15:7)? What did the bowls look like? With what were they filled? Whose wrath? With what was the temple filled (Revelation 15:8)? From where did this smoke come? What couldn’t anyone do? Until when? What did John hear from where (Revelation 16:1)? To whom did it speak? What it tell them to do? Where? Who does what in Revelation 16:2? With what result? Upon whom? Who does what in Revelation 16:3? Onto where? What happens to it? And what happens to which creatures? Who does what in Revelation 16:4? On what? With what effect? Whom does John hear in Revelation 16:5a? To Whom are they speaking (verse 5b)? What do they call Him (verse 5c)? For what are they praising (verse 5d)? What have those whom He judged done (Revelation 16:6a)? And what has the Lord done to them (verse 6b)? Why (verse 6c)? What does John hear in Revelation 16:7? From where? To Whom is it speaking? What does it say about Him? Who does what in Revelation 16:8? Upon what? What was given to him? With what result (Revelation 16:9)? What do these men do? Why? What do they not do? Who does what in Revelation 16:10? Upon what? What happens to his kingdom? Who do what, and why? What do they do to Whom (Revelation 16:11)? Because of what? What did they not do? Who poured out what in Revelation 16:12? On what? With what result? So that who could do what? What does John see in Revelation 16:13? Coming out of which three mouths? What are these spirits (Revelation 16:14)? What are they able to do? Who now speaks in Revelation 16:15? What does He say that He is doing? As what? Whom does He say is blessed—what two things must they do? Lest what happens? To what place do the kings gather (Revelation 16:16, cf. Judges 5:19)? Who pours out what in Revelation 16:17? Onto what? What comes from where? What does it say? What four things occur in Revelation 16:18? How big is the earthquake? How does Revelation 16:19 refer to the world coalition? What happens to this city? What does verse 19 call the city? What is being done to her? What happens in Revelation 16:20? What falls from where upon whom (Revelation 16:21)? How large? What do men do in response?
What do we learn from the bowls of wrath? Revelation 15:5–16:21 looks forward to the evening sermon on the coming Lord’s Day. In these twenty-five verses of Holy Scripture, the Holy Spirit teaches us that we should admire God for His wrath, hating and repenting of sin, and running to Christ in thankful love.
In this passage, we have the wrath of God poured out on the earth (Revelation 16:2), the sea (Revelation 16:3), the rivers (Revelation 16:4), the sun (Revelation 16:8), the worldly kingdom (Revelation 16:10), the Euphrates (Revelation 16:12), and the air (Revelation 16:17). In these seven bowls, the wrath of God is completed.
We are reminded throughout the passage that the wrath of God has broken into history multiple times. There are obvious references to the plagues of Egypt, which were forerunners of the wrath to come. Just as the Song of Moses became the Song of the Lamb in Revelation 15:3–4, NKJ’s “Armageddon” in Revelation 16:16, is actually “Megiddo” (in the Greek NT throughout the ages), a reference to Judges 5:19–20, and heaven’s victory over the kings of Canaan.
In our passage, the time has come for the wrath that had sounded warnings into history to express itself fully and forever. Revelation 15:8 refers us back to 2 Thessalonians 1:9–10 which calls this the day when, “These shall be punished with everlasting destruction from the presence of the Lord and from the glory of His power, when He comes in that Day, to be glorified in His saints and to be admired among all those who believe.” Now Revelation 15:8 says “the temple was filled with smoke from the glory of God and from His power.”
The great theme of this passage is the glory of God in His wrath. He is indeed, “glorified in His saints and admired among all those who believe.” We hear the angel in Revelation 16:5–6 say, “You are righteous, O Lord, the One who is and who was and who is to be, because You have judged these things. For they have shed the blood of saints and prophets, and You have given them blood to drink. For it is their just due.” And the other angel say, “Even so, Lord God Almighty, true and righteous are Your judgments.” They are dressed in brilliant white and gold, and the bowls from which the wrath is poured are gold. The passage screams the glory, justness, truth, and holiness of God’s wrath.
This challenges us, because we are so easily offended at God’s wrath. But this comes entirely from our flesh. We must be wary of responding to His wrath with anything but worship. Its justness is displayed, in part, precisely by the responses of the judged. They blaspheme Him for the plagues and do not repent or give Him glory (Revelation 15:9). Hey blaspheme Him for their sores, and do not repent of their deeds (Revelation 15:11). They blaspheme God for the plague in Revelation 16:21. They do not respond to the wrath of God with repentance but with more rebellion! Truly, His wrath is just. And it is proportional to their sin (Revelation 16:6). Like Babel of old, they are only too glad to be deceived by evil spirits into gathering against God and His Christ (Revelation 16:12-14, Revelation 16:19). But, this comes as a pouring out of God’s wrath (Revelation 16:12), Who rules over it, and the Lord Jesus Who comes as a thief (Revelation 16:15).
The Lord Jesus Himself applies all of this to us, urging us to watch and keep our garments (verse 15). The believer must remember the greatness of God’s wrath against sin and be watchful against it in ourselves.
So, we must glorify God for His wrath; we must take comfort that all sin will be justly repaid; we must repent we must watch against our wrath deserving sin; and, we may add one more application: marvel at what Christ has endured for our sakes. God made Him Who knew no sin to be sin, so that we might become the righteousness of God in Him. Jesus bore the full enmity of God against all the sins of all His people. The display of the severity of that enmity in this chapter should bring us to the feet of Jesus in thankfulness and love.
What do you think and feel about God’s wrath? How can that be brought more into line with the responses of the holy ones in this passage? What sins of yours do you find yourself tolerating too much? How can this passage help you against that? What has the Lord Jesus suffered for you? How will you respond to Him in your life?
Sample prayer: Lord, Your wrath is righteous and holy. Forgive us for how we have bristled against it in our hearts, and even been embarrassed of it before men. Often, You have justly chastened us, but we have responded against Your wrath instead of against our sin. Forgive us for our slowness to repent. And forgive us for how we are not mindful of Your coming, or of how our lives will appear in light of Your coming. Finally, forgive us for not being more affected in our hearts by Christ having suffered the wrath of God in our place. Grant that we would remember what He has done and respond with lives of thankfulness and love, we ask in His Name, AMEN!
Suggested songs: ARP149B “O Praise the Lord, O Sing Aloud” or TPH389 “Great God, What Do I See and Hear”