Read Hosea 1:1–2:1
Questions from the Scripture text: What came (Hosea 1:1)? Whose Word? To whom? Whose son was he? When did this happen, with reference to which kingdoms? To whom does YHWH begin speaking (Hosea 1:2a)? What does He tell him to go take (verse 2b)? How would this wife treat him? Who would come from this marriage (verse 2c)? Why should the prophet marry, even with such knowledge (verse 2c)? How had they committed this harlotry (verse 2d)? Whom does Hosea marry (Hosea 1:3)? What does she do? What does YHWH say to call him (Hosea 1:4)? What is YHWH about to do to whose house? With what even more significant result (Hosea 1:4-5)? What does Gomer do in Hosea 1:6? What does YHWH say to name her? Why—what won’t He continue to whom? But to whom will He continue it (Hosea 1:7)? How will He save them? How won’t He save them? What does Gomer finish doing in Hosea 1:8? What does she do then? What does YHWH say to call him (Hosea 1:9)? How does He word the covenantal rejection of Israel (verse 9)? But what will still occur (Hosea 1:10)? Even after, and in contrast to what? What will have been said to them? What will be said to them in the same place? Who will be gathered (Hosea 1:11)? In what manner? Who will be appointed for them? What will happen to them? Because of the greatness of what day? What is Hosea to preach, to whom, in anticipation of that day?
What’s in a marriage and in a name? Hosea 1:1–2:1 looks forward to the hearing of God’s Word, publicly read, in the holy assembly on the coming Lord’s Day. In these twelve verses of Holy Scripture, the Holy Spirit teaches us that Hosea’s marriage, and children’s names, taught the greaterness of God’s grace, even to great sinners.
Jeroboam II reigned from 793–753 b.c., and the kings of Judah in Hosea 1:1 from 791–686. But while his reign was successful (YHWH “saved” them through Jeroboam’s hand, cf. 2 Kings 14:27), it also wickedly maintained the centuries-old manmade worship of Jeroboam I (cf. 2 Kings 14:24). So, this reign is a lesson of sovereign grace over, and through, and to sinners. And Hosea’s life and prophecy are going to be an even greater such lesson.
YHWH calls Hosea to be a living picture of God’s own dysfunctional family. He is to marry Gomer, knowing that she will be unfaithful to him (Hosea 1:2-3), as a picture of the Lord, Who was not dissuaded from marrying His church, even though she would be unfaithful to Him. This adulterous woman bears him two sons and a daughter, whose names are lessons for Israel.
Jezreel (Hosea 1:3-5). This is a reference to a bloodbath that took place in 2 Kings 9-10 when Jehu completely annihilated all the descendants of Ahab and Jezebel and slaughtered all the priests of Baal. He was the instrument of judgment which Yahweh had promised against Ahab. Some think that this passage is punishing the house of Jehu for the manner in which he carried out the executions, but not only did he do it at the command of Yahweh (2 Kings 9:7-9), he is clearly commended for it in 2 Kings 10:30. The best way, then, to read the passage in Hosea is as a repeat of judgment for the same crime rather than judging Jehu for the manner of the previous judgment. The idolatry of Israel will be punished with a slaughter like that of Jezreel.
She-is-not-shown-compassion (Hosea 1:6-8a). The one daughter has a sad name. Scripture is replete with the idea that God’s wrath against nations relents and relents and relents… to a point. Then there is no more relenting. Israel has come to that point. The days of compassion for the nation are running out.
Not-my-people (Hosea 1:8-9). This is the ultimate family dysfunction, divorce. Already, Hosea has married Gomer, the wife who is a picture of Israel’s covenant unfaithfulness. Now, he must name his third child, “Not-my-people.” God is disowning Israel as His people. The divorce is complete, the bride who spurned her husband’s love has been rejected, and the child of that marriage is orphaned from his father. The name is a direct allusion to Leviticus 26:12. We cannot overstate what a somber and grievous thing this is that is being declared. But the sheer tragedy of it makes what follows all the more remarkable!
The irrational logic of grace (Hosea 1:10). “Yet” is not translating an adversative particle. It would be more literally translated, simply, “and.” The reason for it is going to come at the end of Hosea 1:11, but the Spirit first presents to it in a way that is simply inexplicable. After the sure and severe judgments of Hosea 1:4-9, how can this be true? How does an obliterated people become an innumerable multitude? How does a rejected and disowned people come to be called “sons of the living God?” God’s grace gives the exact opposite of what is deserved: blessing for those who deserve only curse.
The great reason for this irrational grace (Hosea 1:11). How do Judah and Israel come to be not only restored but reunited? Under one King? In one land? “Great will be the day of Jezreel.” The greatness of the day of the slaughter for their sin. This can be nothing less than the greatness of the death of Christ, and the redemption that is in His blood. The greatness of Judah and Israel’s “one Head,” and the greatness of this day of Jezreel, is the reason that it can be said simply to them, “My-people” and “she-is-shown-compassion.”
What do you deserve from God? What relationship has He planned for you to Him anyway? How does this come not by lessening the punishment of your sin, but actually by the greatness of how that sin has been punished? To whom do you tell the good news that they are God’s people and that they are shown compassion?
Sample prayer: Lord, forgive us for our sin that deserves a bloodbath on the order of what Jehu did at Jezreel. But, Christ’s death on the cross is the greatest bloodshed that there has ever been. How great has been that day of Jezreel! For His sake, do not only forgive us, but cleanse us from all our unrighteousness! Come, again, and speak to us as Your own dear people. Tell us, again, that we are shown compassion, we ask through Christ, AMEN!
Suggested Songs: ARP130 “LORD, from the Depths to You I Cried” or TPH180 “Kind and Merciful God”